ASTM C1553-2008 核废料干燥行为的标准指南
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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDryingBehaviorofSpentNuclearFuel
【原文标准名称】:核废料干燥行为的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMC1553-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.13
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:ThisguideprovidestechnicalinformationforusebySNFownerstodeterminetheformsofwaterusuallyassociatedwithspentnuclearfuelduetocorrosiondamageofthefuel,claddingandstoragematerialsduringirradiationandinstoragepools.DryingmaybeneededtopreparetheSNFforsealeddrystorage,transportation,and/orpermanentdisposalatarepository.Thisguideprovidesinformationfor:4.1.1Evaluatingwhatdryingsystemshouldbeused,4.1.2Dryingmethods,and4.1.3Methodstoconfirmthatadequatedrynesswasachieved.Theguidecanbeusedtodetermine:4.2.1Dryingtechnologiesthataredesignedtoremovemostoftheunboundwaterbutwillnotremoveallformsofwater.Waterremainingonandincommercialandresearchreactorspentnuclearfuelscomingfromwaterbasinstoragemaybecomeanissuewhenthefuelissealedinadrystoragesystemortransportcask.Themovementtoadrystorageenvironmenttypicallyresultsinanincreaseinfueltemperatureduetothedecayheat.Thistemperaturechangecouldbesignificanttocausethereleaseofwaterremaininginasealeddrypackagethatmayresultincontainerpressurization,fuelretrievabilityissues,andcontainercorrosion.4.2.2Amethodologyforevaluatingdryingprocessesthatmaynotreadilyremoveallformsofwaterthatmayberetainedinporesinfuelcladding,capillaries,sludge,crud,andthinwettedsurfacefilms.Dryingtechniquesareevenlesssuccessfulinremovingboundwater.Removalofboundwaterwillonlyoccurwhenthespecificthresholdenergyisappliedtobreakthebondsinvolvedandreleasethewater.Forspentnuclearfuelthisthresholdenergymaycomefromthecombinationofthermalinputandionizingradiation.4.2.3HowtheresidualwaterretainedwiththeSNF,CRUDandsludgeinsideasealedpackagemaybecomeavailabletoreactwiththeinternalenvironment,thefuel,andthepackagematerialsasaresultofextendedtimeatequilibriumdrystoragetemperatures,orasthedirectresultofradiolyticdecomposition.1.1Thisguideisorganizedtodiscussthethreemajorcomponentsofsignificanceinthedryingbehaviorofspentnuclearfuel:evaluatingtheneedfordrying,dryingspentnuclearfuel,andconfirmationofadequatedryness.1.1.1Theguideaddressesdryingmethodsandtheirlimitationsindryingspentnuclearfuelsthathavebeeninstorageatwaterpools.TheguidediscussessourcesandformsofwaterthatremaininSNF,itscontainer,orboth,afterthedryingprocessanddiscussestheimportanceandpotentialeffectstheymayhaveonfuelintegrity,andcontainermaterials.Theeffectsofresidualwaterarediscussedmechanisticallyasafunctionofthecontainerthermalandradiologicalenvironmenttoprovideguidanceonsituationsthatmayrequireextraordinarydryingmethods,specializedhandling,orothertreatments.1.1.2ThebasicissueindryingistodeterminehowdrytheSNFmustbeinordertopreventissueswithfuelretrievability,containerpressurization,orcontainercorrosion.AdequatedrynessmaybereadilyachievedforundamagedcommercialfuelbutmaybecomeacomplexissueforanySNFwherecladdingdamagehasoccurredduringfuelirradiation,storage,orboth,atthespentfuelpools.Drynessissuesmayalsoresultfromthepresenceofsludge,crud,andotherhydratedcompoundsconnectedtotheSNFthatholdwaterandresistdryingefforts.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:F46
【国际标准分类号】:27_120_30
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:核废料干燥行为的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMC1553-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.13
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:ThisguideprovidestechnicalinformationforusebySNFownerstodeterminetheformsofwaterusuallyassociatedwithspentnuclearfuelduetocorrosiondamageofthefuel,claddingandstoragematerialsduringirradiationandinstoragepools.DryingmaybeneededtopreparetheSNFforsealeddrystorage,transportation,and/orpermanentdisposalatarepository.Thisguideprovidesinformationfor:4.1.1Evaluatingwhatdryingsystemshouldbeused,4.1.2Dryingmethods,and4.1.3Methodstoconfirmthatadequatedrynesswasachieved.Theguidecanbeusedtodetermine:4.2.1Dryingtechnologiesthataredesignedtoremovemostoftheunboundwaterbutwillnotremoveallformsofwater.Waterremainingonandincommercialandresearchreactorspentnuclearfuelscomingfromwaterbasinstoragemaybecomeanissuewhenthefuelissealedinadrystoragesystemortransportcask.Themovementtoadrystorageenvironmenttypicallyresultsinanincreaseinfueltemperatureduetothedecayheat.Thistemperaturechangecouldbesignificanttocausethereleaseofwaterremaininginasealeddrypackagethatmayresultincontainerpressurization,fuelretrievabilityissues,andcontainercorrosion.4.2.2Amethodologyforevaluatingdryingprocessesthatmaynotreadilyremoveallformsofwaterthatmayberetainedinporesinfuelcladding,capillaries,sludge,crud,andthinwettedsurfacefilms.Dryingtechniquesareevenlesssuccessfulinremovingboundwater.Removalofboundwaterwillonlyoccurwhenthespecificthresholdenergyisappliedtobreakthebondsinvolvedandreleasethewater.Forspentnuclearfuelthisthresholdenergymaycomefromthecombinationofthermalinputandionizingradiation.4.2.3HowtheresidualwaterretainedwiththeSNF,CRUDandsludgeinsideasealedpackagemaybecomeavailabletoreactwiththeinternalenvironment,thefuel,andthepackagematerialsasaresultofextendedtimeatequilibriumdrystoragetemperatures,orasthedirectresultofradiolyticdecomposition.1.1Thisguideisorganizedtodiscussthethreemajorcomponentsofsignificanceinthedryingbehaviorofspentnuclearfuel:evaluatingtheneedfordrying,dryingspentnuclearfuel,andconfirmationofadequatedryness.1.1.1Theguideaddressesdryingmethodsandtheirlimitationsindryingspentnuclearfuelsthathavebeeninstorageatwaterpools.TheguidediscussessourcesandformsofwaterthatremaininSNF,itscontainer,orboth,afterthedryingprocessanddiscussestheimportanceandpotentialeffectstheymayhaveonfuelintegrity,andcontainermaterials.Theeffectsofresidualwaterarediscussedmechanisticallyasafunctionofthecontainerthermalandradiologicalenvironmenttoprovideguidanceonsituationsthatmayrequireextraordinarydryingmethods,specializedhandling,orothertreatments.1.1.2ThebasicissueindryingistodeterminehowdrytheSNFmustbeinordertopreventissueswithfuelretrievability,containerpressurization,orcontainercorrosion.AdequatedrynessmaybereadilyachievedforundamagedcommercialfuelbutmaybecomeacomplexissueforanySNFwherecladdingdamagehasoccurredduringfuelirradiation,storage,orboth,atthespentfuelpools.Drynessissuesmayalsoresultfromthepresenceofsludge,crud,andotherhydratedcompoundsconnectedtotheSNFthatholdwaterandresistdryingefforts.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:F46
【国际标准分类号】:27_120_30
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
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